Sources of evidence
Physiotherapists
A physiotherapist has expertise in preventing and treating diseases/disabilities, particularly in relation to the neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Physiotherapists have a major contribution to make in restoring independence after a traumatic incident such as a stroke or head injury, after major surgery such as amputation, joint replacement or organ removal.
They also provide treatment for muscle, ligament, or tendon injuries, spinal conditions and rehabilitation after fractures.
When a physiotherapist treats a person for a minor illness/injury e.g. ankle injury or mechanical low back pain, the course of treatment is relatively short-lived involving two to six sessions over a similar number of weeks. Treatment after a major surgery e.g. joint replacement or amputation will be more prolonged but will be finite in length.
A few long-term disabilities may require continuing treatment on a regular basis, but this is not frequently the case. In these situations the patient may be able to carry out the exercises themselves or their carer is taught to do the procedure e.g. chest physiotherapy in cystic fibrosis.
Review of posture, pattern of walking and mobility in general is very much part of the role, together with pain-reducing and muscle-strengthening techniques.
Physiotherapists assess patients for and can prescribe appropriate aids. These include walking sticks, crutches, frames and wheelchairs. Other equipment might include TENS machine for pain relief, incontinence aids, splints, neck collars and calipers.
Reports from Physiotherapists
A report from a physiotherapist could be expected to contain a brief medical history, diagnosis of the disabling condition and details of clinical examination and treatment plan.
Information about limb function and ability to walk with appropriate appliances will often be available.
In milder conditions information will relate to a specific episode of treatment relating to the affected area of the body, and the report is unlikely to cover the disabling effects of other generalised conditions.
