Prevention of falls
Falls in older people are very often found to be multi-factorial.
If an elderly person has had 2 or more falls in a 6-month period, an evaluation of the person’s health, environment and lifestyle should be undertaken with a view to removing treatable causes.
This can be done in specialist Falls Clinics where there is a multidisciplinary approach to the person, involving a team with special knowledge and expertise.
- Hazards in the home and environment can be modified, and safety features such as non- slip surfaces and grab rails installed. An occupational therapist is usually the appropriate person to assess home safety.
- An evaluation of medication is important especially if the person is taking four or more prescription medications, is on new medication or is taking medications, which have a sedative effect or are likely to cause a sudden drop in blood pressure.
- Reduced vision and hearing may be treated, as much as possible, and safety features such as good lighting, fluorescent safety strips put in to make the environment safer.
- Strength and balance training can be taught to optimise joint position sense, muscular strength and balance. A physiotherapist may do this or there may be special (exercise or Tai Chi) classes in some areas.
- Walking aids may not be used and may be needed to restore balance and confidence.
